Showing posts with label bicycle history. Show all posts
Showing posts with label bicycle history. Show all posts

Saturday, October 27, 2012

European Distrust


What I’m asking here is, though the people come and go, can a feeling, a sentiment, or responses linger on? Of course it can, safe in the continuity of a civilization's ethos. Much like the schoolyard game of telephone, where one child would say a short phrase into another’s ear, then that phrase would get passed on again and again to a new child each time. The original was often scrambled, mutated and lost resulting in a copy without an original, a simulacrum. So that's the question posed here, have we in essence created a simulacrum with regards to bike hate?

Perhaps most people don’t remember a specific reason for the distrust of those Lycra-clad roadies, but some mutation of a sentiment conceivably lives on subconsciously, a copy of a copy of a copy whose original is long gone and had nothing to do with today’s bicycling enthusiast. Yet, somehow written deep in our collective mind, alive through the centuries, interwoven with the very history of this great country we keep at it; feeling a twinge of distaste when we happen upon one, an intrinsic urge to harass those people who ride bicycles on our roads with, at the very least, a cruel thought, or raising the bar...a dirty deed. Bullying perhaps?

World War II…could there be a bigger unbleachable shit stain on the britches of humanity than the atrocities that took place during these dark days? Here we are nearly eighty years later and the name Hitler still rattles the very soul of our collective humanity, a bleak reminder that we all harbor truly wicked potential deep within. A malevolence thankfully remaining most of the time safely ensconced behind the sanity of our good conscience yet that sadly peeps out now and again in a violent thought or subtle act with a cruel intention.

Europe depleted and America the savior: a pervasive belief existing in America that without D-Day, Hiroshima, and American sacrifice all those years ago, the entire globe would be celebrating the fermentation of kimchi or sauerkraut all the while sprechen Deutsch. A fact perhaps–but one that only added to the feeling of superiority the United States had toward Europe that began well before the framers began to frame, good Earl Gray began to steep in the cool waters of Boston Harbor, or quill hit parchment in the penning of the US constitution.

Years prior to any shots being fired at Lexington and Concord, the British colonies along the east coast of the future US were filled with English and other European immigrants  Whether they themselves made the trans-Atlantic journey or were born into the colonies, they were well versed in the centuries of war between England and their neighbor across the English Channel. As such, the English colonies almost certainly still harbored an ill trust toward the French, and the royal lineages that sent so many invading troops across the English Channel, weaving their thread of suspicion into the fabric of the toddling colonies. Could this seventeenth century distrust of France still persist in American culture after four hundred years?

So what am I saying? Does the current cold war between cyclists and motorists in America have its roots in colonial America? In the distrust ex-pat English had for England and by extension, France and monarchs like Louis XIV? Does it begin to heat up centuries later with the Eisenhower Administration’s move toward interstate highways and Detroit’s move toward faster cars to cruise them…the bicycle's return to the streets in a time when muscle cars and motor heads ruled the pavement and for decades prior, bicycles were what children rode before they were old enough to drive? Could it run that deep? Think about it. What country comes to mind when you think of the word "bicycle"?

Could the aura of the Tour de France and the fervor it brings to the countless swarms lining the French mountaintops or millions watching on television once a year cast a shadow on the entire sport of cycling in the collective American psyche? Perhaps it works to drive a wedge that deepens the division between cyclists and motorists? I mean, it plays so perfectly into deep seated American fears…Does it awaken those long simmering, centuries old feelings of European distrust, or perhaps more contemporary, indignant feelings of a counter-American way of life–dare I say it–socialism?

Cycling enthusiasts watch excitedly as nearly two-hundred fit men suffer through twenty-one consecutive days of oxygen-deprived agony. Their attractive physiques, muscles and shaved legs straining under skin tight and colorful Lyrca garments that taken out of context, or taken away from their bikes could certainly resemble something of a gay pride parade to the eyes of the uninitiated...a threat to someone's "manhood"?

The race now over, the fans have gone home or turned their TVs off yet are still full of enthusiasm for a good long spin on the bike. They’re gung ho to dress like and emulate their cycling heroes, little different from wearing a team jersey on game day to show your loyalty. Then take these same enthusiasts-turned subconscious incarnations of European, socialist, peculiar looking men and women and place them on an American road (indeed now truly out of context) that was paved never meant to feel the light touch of a bicycle tire, full of American cars and American love of all that’s auto, an America that cries foul at the mere word “socialism”, an America that has real issues with discrimination, and what do you get? You get what we have here today. A reflection of the closet intolerance we have become as a nation all wrapped up in a moment of time on the edge of the road...the passing of car and bike. Pay attention.
 

Thursday, September 27, 2012

We the Consumer

With the bike now off the road for all intents and purposes as a mode of adult transportation...at home, but content minding the kids, teaching skills of balance and basic first aid, teaching that taking things apart is often easier than putting them back together again, teaching would-be engineers the finer points of ramp building and how to fix a flat tire...the paved streets and the automobile grew up together. Volumes of traffic code and regulations, speed limits, traffic flows, infrastructure, whole towns grew up around interstates...an entire auto-centric culture developed and flourished economically...this cannot be understated nor should it be demonized in hindsight.

During that growth, during that, dare I say, reign...there were no advocacy groups pushing for wider shoulders and bike lanes to accommodate a waning bicycle traffic. The car was affordable now and everybody wanted one and the convenience they offered, the speed, the power--seductive...who gave a crap, who was even thinking about the bike except the kids who owned them?

For decades this auto/road symbiosis went on. Bigger, longer, faster, year after year. Then a few things happened: Rachel Carson had a book published, OPEC was founded and began to exert its power, and America began to get fat.

Wednesday, September 19, 2012

History


Heeding my...err...bike's advice I started to snoop around, do a little research, and found the following...

Early automobile history is fraught with controversy, patent disputes, and in-fighting...so wading into that soal too deep could be all-consuming, deadly and thick black bottom mud holding you fast, and still yield no actual truths.

I mean, knowing how subjective any history is, the quest for a past reality becomes more of a personal soul-search than a hunt for absolute facts. We believe what we want to believe, see what we want to see. It takes a very strong person to search for something, find that something counter to their established beliefs, and not dismiss it outright... cognitive dissonance hard at work. This being said, it's pretty obvious then that the brief history put forth in the pages that follow is knowingly arguable depending where in the argument you yourself stand...but, either way, it does make one step back and begin to frame a bigger picture of what I believe my bike wanted us to see.

Anyway...

Shortly after the word “bicycle” was being tossed around for the first time in the 1860’s, the Industrial Revolution was in full swing and Germany’s Gottlieb Daimler was dreaming of something bigger than mere pedals and leg power. His golden dreams eventually took a physical form with cylinders of cast iron and steel directing the work of oxygen, petroleum, and spark toward a final drive, together shaping the basic structure of the modern gas engine. Engines and motors of all shapes and fuels were popping up well before this, most notably the steam-driven and electric varieties, but in 1885 Herr Daimler was the first to patent the gas-driven design that set the precedent for today’s powerful, internal combustion engines. He was also one of the first (arguable of course) to slap an engine on a wooden framed bicycle, creating a motorcycle that same year.

In 1886, Daimler’s countryman Karl Benz got the first patent for the gas fueled car and these two, Daimler and Benz, eventually started making the precision machines of the now-legendary Mercedes-Benz.

What was known as the “safety bicycle” was patented in 1885 in England by a chap named John Kemp Starley. This was not the first “bike” in the world but became the template for modern bicycle design. Indeed if you were to put the very first safety bicycle next to the latest two-wheeled offering from any big-box superstore, they'd look strikingly similar.

The safety bicycle was preceded, most notably, by a couple of non-chain, mechanically driven machines in 1839 and 1863 and then, most famously, the evidently not-so-safe, high-wheeling, directly-driven penny-farthing in 1871, so called because it resembled those two disparate-sized coins laid side-by-side. These machines had front wheels better than 50 inches in diameter and mounting pegs above the rear wheels just to get up on the saddles. A modern "10-speed" road bike by comparison has wheels about half that size. Lord knows that isn’t safe, but, lots of folks rode them none-the-less.

Prior to those mechanically driven designs, the bike really had no propulsion system, some very early on even lacked a simple steering system, sporting just two wheels on either side of a seat that you pushed around scooter-style with your feet, like Fred and Wilma. The chain and sprockets of the safety bicycle made all of these other designs old-fashioned and eventually obsolete. Now with pedal power, chain driven torque, and a gear ratio, bicycles became utilitarian, a safe and efficient means of travel across Europe and the USA.

So, the gist of this historical babble, there was really only a year between the English invention of the safety bicycle and the German Karl Benz’s patent, and no difference between that and the 1885 Gottlieb Daimler invention of the modern gas engine.

You see, modern bikes and cars were born of the same Victorian era inventiveness from a marriage of pure necessity to move faster about the landscape and the organic human ambition to build, to invent, that which is only dreamt of or imagined; to bring into the real that which only exists in the mind. Bikes and cars? Heck, these were fraternal twins destined to change the world as we knew it.